Kimya Sözlüğü
Endüstriyel üretimde kullanılan temel kimyasalların özelliklerini, formüllerini ve kullanım alanlarını keşfedin.
Sodium Hydroxide (Caustic Soda)
Sodium hydroxide is a strong base widely used in the chemical industry. It is used as a pH regulator and cleaner in water treatment, textiles, soap, and detergent manufacturing.
Hydrogen Peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide is an eco-friendly and strong oxidizing agent. It is heavily preferred in textile bleaching, the paper industry, and as a disinfectant in wastewater treatment.
Sodium Hypochlorite
Sodium hypochlorite is an excellent disinfectant and bleaching agent. It is used in chlorination in water treatment plants, swimming pools, and general sanitation.
Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC)
PAC is a highly effective inorganic polymer coagulant used in wastewater and drinking water treatment. It can operate at low temperatures and across a wide pH range.
Sodium Metabisulfite (SMBS)
A strong reducing agent. It is used as an antichlor in textiles, a chlorine scavenger in water treatment, and a preservative in the food industry.
Polyacrylic Acid
Polyacrylic acid (PAA) is a derivative of acrylic acid. Partially or fully deprotonated PAAs are polyelectrolytes with the ability to absorb and retain water.
Acetic Acid (Ethanoic Acid)
Acetic acid is a colorless organic acid with a pungent smell, used as a solvent in the chemical industry, a pH regulator in textiles, and a preservative in food.
Sodium Sulfate
Sodium sulfate is a white crystalline powder used in textile dyeing to help dye penetrate fabric evenly, and as a filler in the detergent industry.
Citric Acid
Citric acid is a weak organic acid found naturally in citrus fruits. Industrially, it is used as a water softener, a pH adjuster in textiles, and a descaler in cleaning products.
Phosphoric Acid
Phosphoric acid is a weak acid widely used in food, agriculture, and industrial cleaning. It is highly effective in metal surface treatment as a rust remover.
Urea
Urea is a white crystalline compound used as the world's most consumed nitrogen fertilizer and as a polymer precursor in the chemical industry.
Calcium Chloride
Calcium chloride is an inorganic salt with an exceptionally high capacity to absorb moisture from the air (hygroscopic). It is used as a deicer, dust control agent, and concrete accelerator.
Sodium Carbonate (Soda Ash)
Sodium carbonate, commonly known as washing soda, is one of the most fundamental inorganic building blocks of the glass, detergent, and paper industries.
Formic Acid
Formic acid is the simplest carboxylic acid. Industrially, it is used heavily in the leather tanning process, textiles, and as a very strong antibacterial preservative in agriculture.
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric acid is the most widely produced chemical in the world, used as a fundamental input in almost all industries (fertilizers, petroleum refining, wastewater treatment).
Glycerin
Glycerin is a syrupy, sweet, moisture-retaining (hygroscopic) organic compound derived from plant and animal fats. It is heavily used in cosmetics and food.
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium bicarbonate, commonly known as baking soda, is a white, water-soluble, mildly alkaline powder used in the food, cleaning, and health sectors.
Carbon Black
Carbon black is a fine powder substance obtained by the incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum products. It is consumed in massive quantities as a reinforcing agent in tires and a black pigment in inks.
Monoethylene Glycol (MEG)
Monoethylene glycol (MEG) is a clear, colorless organic liquid used as the main ingredient in the production of polyester fibers in the polymer industry and antifreeze in the automotive sector.
Nitric Acid
Nitric acid, commonly known as aqua fortis, is a highly corrosive and toxic inorganic acid. Industrially, it is used primarily in the manufacture of nitrogenous fertilizers and explosives.
Calcium Carbonate
Calcium carbonate is a common inorganic compound found in nature as limestone, chalk, and marble. It is used in massive volumes as a filler in the paint, plastic, and paper industries.
Aluminum Sulfate
Aluminum sulfate is a white crystalline compound used in the industry to precipitate particles (coagulant) in drinking water and wastewater treatment, and is also preferred as a mordant in papermaking and textile dyeing.
Sodium Chlorite
A white crystalline inorganic salt used as a strong bleaching agent in the textile and paper industries, and as a disinfectant (chlorine dioxide generator) in water treatment.
Sodium Hydrosulfite
An extremely powerful reducing agent used in the textile industry for the reduction of vat dyes and the stripping of color from incorrectly dyed fabrics.
Potassium Hydroxide (Caustic Potash)
Potassium hydroxide is a very strong inorganic base used as a saponification agent in the making of liquid soaps and soft soaps.
Potassium Carbonate
A slightly alkaline, water-soluble, moisture-retaining potassium salt used in the glass industry, ceramic glazes, and food.
Ammonia
Ammonia is a nitrogenous compound known for its sharp, suffocating odor, forming the basis of the fertilizer industry and used as a degreaser in cleaning.
Sodium Silicate (Water Glass)
Commonly known as water glass, sodium silicate is used as a binder in detergents, a waterproofing chemical in construction, and a peroxide stabilizer in textiles.
Sodium Alginate
Sodium alginate is a natural polymer derived from brown seaweed. It is used as a thickener in textile printing (reactive printing) and a gelling agent in food.
Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)
A water-soluble synthetic polymer. It is used to prevent yarn breakage during textile weaving (sizing) and in making glue for the construction/furniture sectors.
Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc)
Polyvinyl acetate, commonly known as wood glue or white glue, is a synthetic polymer used to bond wood, paper, and fabric.
Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde is a highly reactive, pungent, toxic gas used as a preservative fluid (formalin) in medical labs and in resin-adhesive production for construction/furniture.
Toluene
Toluene is a clear, colorless, volatile liquid hydrocarbon derived from petroleum with a sharp thinner odor, used as a solvent in the paint and chemical industries.
Xylene
Xylene is a colorless, flammable, aromatic-smelling liquid frequently used alongside toluene as a solvent in the paint, varnish, leather, and rubber industries.
Acetone
Acetone is a tremendously volatile solvent miscible with both water and oils, used in households as nail polish remover and in the industry for cosmetics and plastic production.
Ethyl Acetate
Ethyl acetate is a fast-evaporating ester known for its fruity, pear-like sweet odor, used in perfumes, foods, and printing inks due to its very low toxicity.
Hydrochloric Acid
Commonly known as spirits of salt, hydrochloric acid is a strong, corrosive inorganic acid widely used in the chemical industry as a pH adjuster, in metallurgy as a rust remover, and in food additive production.
Sodium Tripolyphosphate (STPP)
Sodium tripolyphosphate is an inorganic polymeric phosphate used as a water softener in the detergent industry and to bind calcium/magnesium ions in textiles.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (SHMP)
SHMP is a polymeric phosphate with exceptional water softening (chelating) properties, used in water treatment systems (Reverse Osmosis) to prevent membrane fouling.
Ammonium Chloride
Known colloquially as 'sal ammoniac', ammonium chloride is a white, acidic salt used as a flux in soldering, and as a nitrogen source in textiles and agriculture.
Sodium Sulfite
Sodium sulfite is a white, water-soluble inorganic salt used in photography, paper production, and water treatment as an oxygen scavenger and antichlor.
Titanium Dioxide
Titanium dioxide is an extraordinary inorganic white pigment used in the paint, plastic, cosmetics, and paper industries as it is the most opaque and whitest substance known in the world.
Sulfur Dioxide
Sulfur dioxide is a toxic gas with a pungent odor, used as an intermediate in sulfuric acid production and as a preservative and antioxidant in the food industry.
Barium Sulfate
Barium sulfate is a heavy mineral used as a mud weighting agent in oil drilling and an X-ray contrast agent in medicine due to its high density and insolubility in water/acid.
Zinc Oxide
Zinc oxide is an inorganic white powder used as a vulcanization activator in the rubber industry, and as a diaper rash cream and physical UV filter in cosmetics.
Potassium Permanganate
Potassium permanganate is a dark purple crystalline salt used in textiles to give a bleaching effect to denim fabrics, and in water treatment as a very strong oxidant and disinfectant.
Ferric Chloride
Ferric chloride is an acidic coagulant used to precipitate heavy metals and phosphate in industrial wastewater and sewage treatment, and is known as a copper etchant in electronics.
Copper(II) Sulfate
Known colloquially as bluestone, copper sulfate is a vivid blue salt used as a fungicide in agriculture and an algaecide in pools.
Diethanolamine (DEA)
Diethanolamine is an amino alcohol with an ammonia odor used as a foam booster in cosmetic detergents and shampoos, and in the production of softeners in textiles.
Triethanolamine (TEA)
Triethanolamine is a viscous chemical used to neutralize acidic formulations (adjust pH) in skin creams, liquid soaps, and as a grinding aid in the cement industry.
Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA)
Isopropyl alcohol is a colorless, pungent, volatile secondary alcohol used as a general solvent and disinfectant in industry and medicine.
Methanol
Methanol (wood alcohol) is the simplest alcohol, highly toxic, used as a starting material in the synthesis of formaldehyde and acetic acid, and also as a strong antifreeze and solvent.
Ethanol
Ethanol is a renewable, volatile, and flammable organic alcohol obtained by the fermentation of sugary plants; used in medicine, cosmetics, and the beverage industry.
Methylene Chloride
Methylene chloride is a volatile and sweet-smelling halogenated solvent with an exceptionally high dissolving power. It is used especially as a paint stripper and in polyurethane sponge production.
Butyl Acetate
Butyl acetate is the main solvent characterized by a fruity, banana/apple-like odor, drying at a medium rate in nitrocellulose-based paints and leather varnishes.
Hexane
Hexane is a volatile solvent derived from petroleum. Due to its apolar, water-insoluble structure, it dissolves oils very quickly, heavily used in sunflower/soybean oil extraction and shoe adhesives.
White Spirit
Also known as mineral spirits or synthetic thinner, White Spirit is a petroleum-derived low-odor solvent used in oil paint cleaning, auto repair parts washing, and wood varnishes.
Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK)
MEK is a strong solvent with a sharp, acetone-like odor that excellently dissolves PVC, polyurethane, and acrylic resins, heavily used in printing (flexo/gravure) and plastics.
Cyclohexanone
The most vital intermediate link in the nylon production chain, cyclohexanone is also an excellent oil/polymer solvent in PVC coatings, screen printing inks, and pesticides.
Propylene Glycol
Due to its extremely low toxicity (safe for human consumption), it is a glycol used as a moisture retainer (humectant) and flavor carrier in food essences, e-cigarette liquids, and baby shampoos.
Chloroform
Historically famous as an anesthetic gas, chloroform is currently used in the production of fluorocarbon (Teflon) gases (CFC/HCFC) and as a strong organic solvent in heavy chemical labs.
Monoethanolamine (MEA)
MEA is an organic amine widely used in gas treating processes to capture carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, as well as in detergent, soap, and agrochemical formulations.
Sodium Benzoate
Sodium benzoate is an organic preservative widely used to inhibit bacterial and mold growth in acidic foods. It is also used in cosmetics and industrial corrosion inhibitors.
Boric Acid
Boric acid is a weak acid used as a boron source in the production of specialty glass, ceramic glazes, and flame retardants. It also features mild antiseptic and insecticide properties.
Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)
PEG is a versatile polymer used as a moisturizer in cosmetics, a binder in pharmaceuticals, and a lubricant in industrial processes, valued for its low toxicity and high solubility.
Sodium Nitrite
Sodium nitrite is an inorganic salt used in the food industry for preserving and coloring cured meats, as well as in metalworking, corrosion inhibition, and dye synthesis.
Magnesium Sulfate
Also known as Epsom salt, magnesium sulfate is an inorganic salt used to correct magnesium deficiency in agriculture, formulate bath salts in cosmetics, and fix dyes in textiles.
Calcium Hypochlorite
Calcium hypochlorite is a strong, solid chlorinating agent heavily used in the disinfection of drinking and pool water, as well as in textile and wood pulp bleaching.
Zinc Sulfate
Zinc sulfate is a white crystalline salt used to correct soil zinc deficiency in agriculture, fortify animal feeds, and act as a mordant in textile dyeing.
Magnesium Chloride
Magnesium chloride is a hygroscopic salt used for road de-icing, dust suppression on construction sites, industrial cement flooring, and food coagulation.
Potassium Nitrate
Potassium nitrate is a nitrogenous fertilizer providing nitrogen and potassium to plants, also used in glass manufacturing, pyrotechnics, and molten salt solar power systems.
Sodium Gluconate
Sodium gluconate is an outstanding concrete set retarder and water reducer in building chemicals, and acts as a chelator in industrial rust, scale, and paint stripping formulations.
Maleic Anhydride
Maleic anhydride is an inorganic cyclic anhydride used as a core reactant in synthesizing unsaturated polyester resins (fiberglass), alkyd paints, agrochemicals, and plasticizers.
Phthalic Anhydride
Phthalic anhydride is a large-tonnage chemical used in manufacturing phthalate ester plasticizers (DOP/DINP) that give flexibility to PVC, alkyd paint resins, and organic dyes.
Butyl Glycol
Butyl glycol is a high-boiling, slow-evaporating strong solvent used in paints, varnishes, and industrial surface cleaners, featuring an amphiphilic structure miscible with both water and organic solvents.